Using the feedback on your problem statement, draft a CaRS-style introduction, following Swales and Feak ch. 8 (esp. p. 331). Your introduction may still have some holes in it, especially around Move 3. But you should be getting to the point where you can articulate most of your research terrain in a focused, problem-driven way. Write in full paragraphs, with citations (APA style) wherever possible. If you know that you need a citation for something .

Remember that a good paragraph should include:

1. A topic sentence that announces the claim you are going to make – the thing you are going to prove in that paragraph
2. Reasons to support your claim – an explanation for why the claim is persuasive
3. Evidence to support your reasons – statistics, data, quotations from experts, etc.
4. Examples (optional) that illustrate the claim

Here are the moves you need to make (any given move might take more than one paragraph – think of them as sections):

Move 1: Establish a research territory

a. Argue for the centrality of your research area

i. Argue for the importance of your topic area

ii. Articulate a problem in your topic area

iii. Articulate the harms or effects of the problem

b. Argue that current (real-world) efforts to address the problem are insufficient

i. What has been done to address the problem?

ii. Why are those efforts inadequate to address the problem?

Move 2. Establish a (scholarly) niche.

a. What previous scholarly research has been conducted into your problem?

b. What are the limitations of that research? What is the gap in the existing research that you are going to fill? (NB “no one has done this before” is not a sufficient reason on its own)

Move 3. Occupy the niche.

a. Articulate the purpose of your research (how it fills the niche)

b. State your research questions and/or hypotheses

[c. State principle findings – OMIT FOR PROPOSAL]

[d. State value of research/scholarly contribution – OMIT FOR PROPOSAL]

e. State the structure of your proposal