respond to the 4 colleagues in one or more of the following ways:

·
Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence, or research.

·
Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

·
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.

·
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

·
Suggest an alternative perspective based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

·
Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

two references each reply

Grace:

Using Qualitative Research to Inform Evidence-Based Practice

Nursing research uses a variety of research approaches, including qualitative research, to identify potential issues with the goal of understanding not just “what” people believe but also “why,” qualitative research focuses on gathering data using techniques including conversational and open-ended inquiry (Gray & Grove, 2020). While I might utilize qualitative research questions to investigate several subjects and issues, the discussion here is on practical approaches to prevent patient falls in acute care inpatient hospitals. The study’s primary objective is to find the most effective strategies for reducing the chance of patient falls.

A qualitative research question developed with this issue of patient fall is “What effective strategies can be used to reduce the incidence of falls in an acute care inpatient hospital?”

Reason for Qualitative Research

Based on the research question, the study aims to identify the methods healthcare practitioners and nurses feel are most helpful in lowering the risk of patient falls through focus groups and organized and unstructured interviews (Morris et al., 2022). Since the researcher will conduct focus groups or one-on-one interviews to learn what the target population believes is significant in minimizing patient falls, the qualitative research approach is thus the most appropriate. The qualitative research approach is suited for this subject as it will enable the researcher to learn about patient fall issues and potential solutions from respondents (Aspers & Corte, 2019). Changing attitudes within the patient’s target group, such as their opinions about fall prevention at their hospital, can be captured using qualitative study design. Additionally, using a qualitative research methodology offers far greater flexibility. Researchers can promptly modify questions, alter the environment, or alter any other element to enhance replies if valuable insights are not obtained during the interview (Tomaszewski et al., 2020).

Potential Ethical Considerations

Since human participants are a component of the suggested qualitative research design, specific ethical considerations must be considered, including informed permission, confidentiality, and anonymity (Pietilä et al., 2020). The researcher has explicitly ensured that the participants are fully informed about the study’s purpose, nature, and goals to uphold the principle of informed consent. Additionally, the researcher must guarantee the participant’s freedom to opt in or out of the study to ensure voluntary participation.

Iretioluwa: 

One of the key system level issues that surround the health care system is the shortage of nurses (Al Zamel et al., 2020). This gives rise to the management or leadership issue of nurses’ retention. The problem of nurses’ retention is a major problem of health care leaders, as qualified nurses are needed to achieve the end goal of positive patient outcomes. There is no easy solution to the problem of nurses’ retention. The solution or the strategy to have a high level of nurses’ retention will depend on the overall organizational culture. Nurses’ burnout is a major reason for the issue of nurses’ retention.

Qualitative Research Question

How nurse burnout at individual levels effect nurses’ retention?

Fitment of Qualitative Research Design

Qualitative data answers the questions ‘’how’ and ‘why,’ which is the reason for such a large amount of data that is collected. According to Helbig (2018), qualitative research is performed either by observation or interview. Many times, the interview is recorded and must be transcribed for data analysis, which has been simplified with available technology and word recognition programs. In the early stages of the research, qualitative research is useful when the researcher is not certain of the direction they want to go or focus on. This method allows the researcher the freedom to have their study develop more naturally. And the researcher can obtain detailed information.

Ethical Considerations

Qualitative research aims at describing a situation from the eyes of the person or people living in it (Gray & Grove, 2020). The researcher collects data based on a mixture of observations from immersion in the lifestyle of the person or people and interviews describing observations in more detail (Gray & Grove, 2020). The best way to go about this type of research is planning ahead and coming up with a systematic and standardized note taking system so that data can be organized in a way that can be interpreted later. Planning prior to research helps keep the researcher focused, and prevent straying away from the intended topic to be researched. Planning involves being clear about what the qualitative research data is designed to accomplish. In this research, the ethical considerations would arise while interviewing nurses. There would be bias issues and data privacy issues that must be considered (Gray & Grove, 2020).

Keeping qualitative research safe and organized can be a daunting task even for a seasoned and experienced researcher. In time, researchers develop their own system to keep their data organized; this usually involves some form of file naming system, data tracking system and a way to transcribe the information gathered. Most researchers agree that “a first step is to sort and organize the data, by coding it in some way.

Hillary:

Using Qualitative Research to Inform Evidence-Based Practice

Qualitative research is one of the three principal approaches used in clinical research and contributes significantly to understanding the patterns of health behaviors, describing illness experiences, and designing health interventions. Gray and Grove et al. (2020) theorize that the ultimate strength of this research method lies in its richness of data and the descriptions and depth of exploration it makes. The issue of interest to be addressed using this research approach is exploring how people with T2DM perceive primary diabetes care and self-management support. Despite self-management method being widely used to help decrease complications associated with diabetes, the prevalence of T2DM is still on the rise (Masupe et al., 2022). This prompts the need to examine patients’ understanding and experiences with self-management intervention to solicit solutions for enhancing this approach to improve overall patient outcomes.

                                                                                                   Research Question

In patients with T2DM, how do they perceive self-management interventions compared to standard care or traditional care approaches in improving their overall well-being and decreasing the complications associated with diabetes?

                                                                                                      Research Design

A phenomenological research design will be well-suited for this research question. Gray and Grove et al. (2020) reveals that this research design focuses on understanding and describing individuals’ experiences concerning a specific phenomenon. It plays a crucial role in research since it helps eliminate researchers’ preconceived assumptions about the phenomenon since one can better understand how people think. In this context, the phenomenon being examined is the patients’ experiences with self-management interventions and standard care for T2DM. This research design is suitable since it will help identify participants diagnosed with T2DM and the data collection approach that can be used to encourage them to share detailed information regarding the phenomenon of interest being examined. This will assist in capturing the depth and complexity of patients’ perceptions, emotions, and experiences related to self-management interventions and standard care. Through utilizing in-depth and open-ended interviews, this research design will assist with obtaining a wealth of qualitative data that can help uncover the nuances of their perceptions.

                                                                                    Potential Ethical Considerations

Holloway and Galvin (2023) report that the use of qualitative research needs careful consideration to ensure the study is performed in a manner that is respectful, fair, and responsible. Therefore, the potential ethical issues to consider when exploring patients’ perceptions regarding self-management interventions include obtaining informed consent from all the participants. This will assist in ensuring that they fully understand the purpose of the research, potential risks and benefits, and their right to withdraw if they experience any negative consequences. Besides, it will be necessary to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the participants, including the information they provide, by utilizing encrypted online surveys or conducting face-to-face interviews in private locations. Since this topic can be sensitive, being aware of my biases and assumptions will be essential to avoid imposing my beliefs on them. This includes respecting their cultures, beliefs, and values and ensuring the research is inclusive and respectful of their cultural differences. Moreover, utilizing the data obtained responsibly and respectfully will be essential to ensure they are not used to harm the participants.

Precious:

How do nurses make decisions in critical care experience and navigate moral pain in palliative care?

This research question navigates the complex nature of palliative care and how nurses make decisions when dealing with patients in palliative care settings (Chapter 4).

Why use qualitative research design for this research question?

This chosen qualitative research question helps outline the subjective experiences and the perspectives of nurses facing moral distress in the context linked to the palliative care. The use of the qualitative research design is suitable for several reasons. First, qualitative research allows for the exploration of in-depth research, which is critical to understanding the complex nature of the research question, notwithstanding the factors causing the rise in moral distress among nurses (Aurini et al., 2021). Unlike the use of quantitative research, which is based on quantifying research without necessarily covering other determining factors, qualitative research aids in the facilitation of a rich exploration of life experiences, emotions, and coping strategies that have to be employed by nurses.

 Additionally, the qualitative approach aligns with the nature of the research question as it seeks to give an in-depth analysis and understand the nurse experience compared to quantifying the predefined variables; hence, this is key in exploring moral distress, an element deeply rooted in the interpretation of ethical dilemmas (Firnhaber et al., 2020). For instance, when using the qualitative design, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions are vital ways the nurses can articulate their experiences, contributing to a holistic understanding of the problem; thus, the use of the qualitative design will accommodate moral distress’s dynamic and evolving nature per the critical care perception. The nurse’s experience changes with time due to policies, the ethical framework, and personal growth (Cypress, 2019). Qualitative research considers flexibility, thus enabling the researcher to adapt to the study design, aligning with the emerging themes and the insight analyzed from the earlier data collection phases.

Potential ethical considerations

 Concerning the above research question, several potential ethical considerations must be considered. These ethical concerns are vital in ensuring a reduction in bias and the introduction of accurate information from the participants (Pietila et.al, 2020). The first ethical consideration of informed consent is based on ensuring that the participants are mindful of the study nature and the potential paybacks and dangers. It ensures that there is voluntary engagement in the study, giving the participants the withdrawal rights from the study at any given period based on their own decisions. This also is critical towards the provision of accurate information and confidentiality protection among the participants (Pietila et al., 2021). The second ethical consideration is confidentiality and anonymity. Since the study revolves around providing sensitive information, maintaining confidentiality and anonymity among the participants is useful (Chapter 4). This leads to the assurance of nursing privacy when data is collected on their side, making their work suit the study design.  

Debriefing and support services are also helpful; hence, it is pivotal to note that offering the debriefing session after the interview and providing the information aligning with the support services helps ensure that the participants’ well-being is considered during the research (Chapter 12). Several nurses participating in the study might need help to discuss the moral and ethical discourse they undergo while attending to patients in their palliative care.   For instance, elements such as counseling or employee assistance programs should be included to help those at risk of being emotionally affected. Another ethical consideration is cultural sensitivity, which calls for understanding the audience to foster a study incorporating each participant’s diverse culture. Recognition and respect for cultural differences are critical based on how the participants cope with moral distress (Cypress, 2019). Thus, the qualitative research design incorporates culturally sensitive approaches by ensuring that the study is inclusive and respects the information from diverse perspectives.

Furthermore, reflexivity is also an ethical derivative that the researcher has to consider when performing such a study, because, it gives the researcher a go-ahead to engage in ongoing self-reflection. This ensure that personal biases are addressed, as well as assumptions and values that might affect the research process hence, the consideration of reflexivity ensures a credible and trustworthy research study brought along by accurate participant results (Pietila et al., 2020).

Conclusion

            The qualitative research question defines the nursing experience of moral distress in end-of-life care as it finds robust support aligning with the qualitative research design; hence, this approach enhances an ample exploration that captures the dynamic interplay of the nurse’s perception in line with the end-of-life care stressors. The ethical consideration, in this case, reinforces the integrity of the study hence, being paramount to the participant’s well-being, privacy, and autonomy by prioritizing informed consent, confidentiality, and cultural sensitivity, notwithstanding reflexivity. Considering these elements ensures transparent results from the participants as well as a study’s validity is attained aligning with the ethical safeguarding hence being significance in upholding the ethical standard in pursuit of knowledge.