Cite 1 reference for each question and each references should be cited using APA requirements found in the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition. Please assign each reference with its question

1)    In the United States today, most workers act as individuals to select jobs that are acceptable to them and to negotiate pay, benefits, flexible hours, and of the work conditions. Unions have a role because some degree of conflict is inevitable between workers and management.

Why do employees joined labor unions? Did you ever belong to a labor union? If you did, do you think union membership benefited you? If you did not, do you think a union would have benefited you? Why or why not?

2)      Because pay is important both in its effect on employees and on account of its cost, organizations need to plan what they will pay employees in each job. In unplanned approach, will likely result in unfairness, dissatisfaction, and rates that are either overly expensive or so low that positions are hard to fill.

In setting up a pay structure, what legal requirements must organization meet? Which of these do you think would be most challenging for a small start-up business? Why?

3)    The challenge facing managers today is how to make their organizations into high-performance work systems, with the right combination of people, technology, and organizational structure to make full use of resources and opportunities in achieving their organizations’ goals.

What is a high-performance work system? What are its elements? Which of these elements involve human resource management?

4)      Performance management is a process through which managers ensure that employees’ activities and outputs contribute to the organization’s goals.

1. How does a complete performance management system differ from the use of annual performance appraisals?

2. Give two examples of an administrative decision that would be based on performance management information. Give two examples of developmental decisions based on this type of information.

5)      Assume you are the human resource manager of a small seafood company. The general manager has told you that customers have begun complaining about the quality of your company’s fresh fish. Currently, training consists of senior fish cleaners showing new employees how to perform the job. Assuming your needs assessment indicates a need for training, how would you plan a training program? What steps should you take in planning the program?

6)    Suppose an organization expects a labor shortage to develop a key job areas over the next few years. Recommended general responses the organization could make in each of the following areas:

a. Recruitment
b. Training
c. Compensation ( pay and employee benefits)