INSTRUCTIONS: The final examination is comprised of a series of 5 short answer questions. You are to only complete three questions of your choice. To gain maximum marks, please answer all parts of each of the three questions you have chosen. Each short answer is worth 33 1/3 points. Each response must be type-written in Time New Roman, font size 12 with 1.5 spacing. The topic areas that the short answers will come from are: Social Stratification, Inequality & Poverty; Race & Ethnicity; Gender & Sexuality; Family; Religion. All questions must have an introduction, a body and a conclusion. The introductions must present a background to the topics under study.
Each new question response must begin on a new page. The front page of the final paper must only include your name, ID number, course code & name, the name of the professor and the date the exam is to be turned in. The pages of the final exam must also be numbered accordingly. You do not need a reference page for the final paper and you do not have to use any type of in-text citation. Staple all the pages before handing in the final paper.
Final responses are to be handed to me as hard-copies in class on the day of the final scheduled exam. Except in extenuating circumstances outlined under university regulations, I will not accept any papers a second past the end of the final exam time! Also, under no conditions will I accept soft copies, or soft copies of late papers. You are given the opportunity to complete an examination in a few days when you would have normally only been granted 2 hours to do so. It is up to you to ensure that you complete the responses before the exam time elapses so that if there are any technical issues, or other issues that may arise, they can be remedied by you in time.
Using the question prompts below as your heading, please begin each question on a new page.
1. As the saying goes, some people have more than others. However, we now see that some people have way more than others! (a) What are the definitions of social stratification and poverty? (b) What are the arguments for the justification of inequality? The fact that inequality is higher and has risen in the United States than in other countries suggest that something different is going on in the United States. (c) What are the reasons for the widening gap, and the rise in inequality, in the United States?
2. Sociologists make clear distinctions between race and ethnicity and use the terms to describe different kinds of categories and identities. These consequences are real for persons who are assigned to these concepts. (a) What does race mean? (b) What does ethnicity mean? (c) What are the differences between the two concepts? (d) What does racism mean and why does racism occur? (e) Does racism still exist in the United States?
3. As it stands, “researchers, educators and parents alike are challenging the binary concepts of sex and gender…” (a) What does sex mean and what does gender mean? (b) What is meant by the social construction of gender and how is gender socialization linked to the construction of gender? (c) Finally, how do sociologists explain inequality in sex and relationships?
4. A “one size fits all” model cannot describe the many shapes that today’s families take nor the quality of the interactions among their members. (a) Describe the term “family” to someone who has never heard the term before. (b) How do race, ethnicity and gender intersect with class to create inequality among families?
5. A key religious pattern among today’s youth is described as “A god exists who created and ordered the world and watches over hum life” (Smith et al. 2009). (a) How is religion defined? (b) Why do sociologists regard religion as fluid and variable? (c) Why is it difficult to distinguish religious conflict from ethnic or class conflict?
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